Reducing the consumption of non-renewable raw materials has become a growing issue in recent years. The construction of constructed treatment wetlands generates a significant consumption of natural aggregates, which can be classified as non-renewable raw materials. For this reason, it is necessary to try to find alternative materials to natural aggregates. A substitute for conventional aggregates may be recycled construction materials, which are still not as widely used as natural materials, mainly due to their low quality. The currently available materials should be evaluated in terms of replacing the main filter material of vertical filters, as this is where the consumption of natural aggregates is highest. The aim is to ensure financial savings by using more affordable recyclates, but also to preserve sufficient natural resources for future generations.

The presented paper deals with the evaluation of the indoor environmental quality (IEQ) in two apartment units in different stages of interior construction - in the initial state and in the final state of a completely furnished apartment. The results of IEQ monitoring confirmed the minimal differences between an unfurnished apartment and a fully furnished apartment in terms of thermal-humidity microclimate. The average particulate matter concentrations of the two representative fractions (PM_2.5 and PM₁₀) were higher for apartment in the initial state. On the contrary, higher concentrations of total volatile organic compounds (TVOC) were recorded in the case of a furnished apartment. The legislative limit for PM₁₀ (50 µg/m³) and the maximum recommended Mølhave value (200 µg/m³) for TVOC were exceeded several times in both apartments. In the case of unfurnished apartment, workers are exposed not only to increased concentrations of TVOC, but also to increased concentrations of PM, and should therefore pay attention to the protection and safety of health at work. More detailed monitoring aimed at identifying and determining the target VOCs showed the presence of xylenes and ethylbenzene in the indoor air of an unfurnished apartment. In addition to xylenes and ethylbenzene, toluene was present in the furnished apartment. Concentrations of these compounds were below legislative limits, except for ethylbenzene, for which no legislative limits are set. It follows from the above that further surface treatment and furnishing of the apartment contributes to increasing the level of VOCs in the indoor environment.

The paper deals with the behaviour of welded I-section duplex stainless steel members loaded by compression and major axis bending combination. The current beam-column design procedure is presented with its shortcomings described. To obtain the real behaviour data a set of conducted tests is presented, then numerical model created in Abaqus software with its validation is described. Furthermore, development of a unique pin-ended mechanism for member or member structure tests is given.

The new Eurocodes for basis of design and actions are almost completed and the final phases of their minor modifications are underway within the working groups of technical subcommittees SC1 and SC10. Their national availability for translations and preparation of national annexes is planned between 2023 and 2025, their implementation and withdrawal of the current Eurocodes in 2028. For the operational implementation of the new generation of Eurocodes, it will soon be necessary to prepare new national annexes and optimally set the values of nationally determined parameters, including calibrations of partial factors for loads and material properties, to ensure reliability, safety and economy of our buildings. It is expected to use the potential of our experts, as well as the considerable financial resources will be needed for the national implementation of the new Eurocodes and the publication of new manuals with practical applications.

The article presents a structural survey of the historic building of the Imperial Hospital at Prague Castle. The aim of the survey was to determine the functional capability and durability of the building, including an assessment of its usability and evaluation of the condition of historical materials. The research was focused mainly on the issue of inappropriate interventions performed in the past and the associated increased moisture of structures.

Greening of the cities (Green Architecture) is one of the current trends in the development of urban architecture. Apart from the system elements of facades overgrown or planted with vegetation, which are a question of the current century, the Green Architecture also includes the traditional use of plants - direct planting near building structures, with their gradual connection using climbing and attachment mechanisms of plants. The effects of such a surface on traditional and modern building surfaces have not yet been precisely defined. The paper presents the results of moisture measurement of the outer surface of traditional building structures in order to evaluate the effect of vegetation surface on the structure.

This paper deals with the diagnostics of a timber load-bearing structure before planned renovation of covering structures. The roof and facade cladding can also change the load conditions, therefore, the inspection static design in this case is necessary. The planned object renovation is an opportunity for elaboration of diagnostic inspection of the supporting structure.

The paper discusses additive manufacturing in the building industry in terms of definition of terminology, application technology, machinery and materials to be used. It gives examples of executed buildings and discusses the possibilities of using natural materials for 3D printing of buildings. Current research and future prospects in the field of additive manufacturing are presented. The paper was created within the framework of specific research at the Faculty of Architecture of Brno University of Technology, where the possibilities of 3D printing from natural materials will be further analyzed.

Mobile laser scanning (MLS) is currently commonly used in many surveying applications. The refinement of MLS point clouds is usually done by increasing the number of control points (CP) equally distributed within the mapped area. The accuracy of point clouds can also be improved by multiple passes of the mobile mapping system (MMS). This paper deals with the proposal of a suitable procedure by which it would be possible to remove local deformations of MLS point clouds. The proposed approach is based on the comparison of point clouds from multiple MMS passes. Additional CPs are then added to the places where the more significant differences between the point clouds.

There are situations when it is necessary to determine the state of prestressing at a specific time on existing structures. In these cases, it is possible to use indirect methods for determining the state of prestressing. These methods consist of the observation of selected quantities on the investigated structure. Subsequently, based on obtained results it is possible to analytically calculate the actual state of prestressing. The observed quantities include e.g., strain, deformations, crack width etc. This paper presents an overview of possible indirect methods for determining the prestressing in the structure.

This paper deals with the possibilities of using modern measurement methods and technologies, i.e. ground-based laser scanning (TLS) and Image Based Modeling and Rendering (IBMR), Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Building Information Modeling (BIM) for processing, distribution and archiving of data collected during the Building Archaeology Survey (BAS). The paper tries to briefly summarize the current state of the author's knowledge and his practical experience with the issue.

The paper deals with the determination of strength characteristics of masonry composite. The MQI strategy, published by the staff of the University of Perugia, is presented. The calculation is based on a certain value analysis of several parameters, based on which the MQI masonry index is calculated. The index is then calibrated so that the strength characteristics of the masonry according to the new Italian standards can be determined from its value.

Modern composite materials are increasingly used in construction. One example is textile reinforced concrete (TRC), consisting of high-quality concrete and non-metallic reinforcing materials, most often in technical textiles. The current use of TRC is mainly in non-loadbearing structures such as facade panels and design elements. However, due to the excellent mechanical properties of TRC, it is possible to design subtle structures with high load-bearing capacity. Therefore, this material has a high potential in load-bearing structures. Consequently, it is necessary to comprehensively assess these materials in terms of load-bearing capacity at normal and elevated temperatures. For this reason, within the Faculty of Civil Engineering CTU in Prague and UCEEB CTU in Prague, research teams deal with the development and material research of TRC for use in load-bearing structures, including evaluation of its possible application in construction.

The aim of this paper is the modal analysis of a thin technical textile in shape of hyperbolic paraboloid. It is the geometrically nonlinear membrane structure, which can function only in tension. In this case, the structure was subjected to the natural vibration as a part of the overall dynamic analysis. All of this results in natural frequencies and mode shapes and deflections. Acquired results describe the dynamic behaviour of nonlinear system without affect of the external load. This part could represent a first step in the dynamic analysis and exactly the forced vibration as nonlinear time history analysis will have to be performed in a future to complete it.

The aim of this study is to find the dependence between the span and cross section area and other choose parameters of the timber-concrete composite beams. For analysis, we used coniferous wood C24 category and concrete C25/30 and C30/37 class with 50 mm thickness. We set the SFS Intec coupling elements. For calculation was used linear elasticity design method. Pliability of composite was take into account per γ-coefficient (γ-method).

As of 1^st January 2021, an amendment to the Property Valuation Act and an amendment to the Valuation Decree also entered into force. With the amendment of these valuation regulations, there were fundamental changes in the valuation of easements. In this paper, we deal with the introduction of the new wording of these regulations concerning the valuation of easements and also the individual types of prices at which easements can be valued.

The paper describes the changes that has been introduced in the new version of the ČSN 73 0532:2020, all the changes are described in details.

Good, well-functioning infrastructure signifies a well-run national economy and the overall state of development of the whole society. Buildings, bridges, roads, and other structures need to be regularly maintained if they are to last. In general, if a defect is detected early, the cost of its remediation is typically much lower than if it the structure is allowed to degrade for months or years. Early defect detection often means detecting one before it is visible to the naked eye. A key means of locating hidden defects are non-destructive testing methods. The article describes selected non-destructive methods that can be used in the diagnosis of bridge structures.

The article presents the results of experiments of reinforced concrete walls with an opening, which have been tested for load carrying capacity in the diagonal direction. These are the walls that represent shear walls in multistorey precast concrete frame structures. The influence of various types of reinforcement on their load carrying capacity and deformation is studied on the designed walls. The data obtained by the experiment is then validated by computational models that represent the behavior of the samples during the experiment. The results of the models are compared between each other and pros and cons are assessed.

The paper presents the outputs of a computational parametric study investigating the influence of both reinforcement ratio and scheme of a cross-section reinforcement on a design value of the elastic module for the homogenized cross-section and the values of the stress redistribution coefficients. The design value of the elastic module represents the steel-concrete cross section in the calculations. The stress redistribution coefficients converts the state stress in the homogenized cross-section for the state stress in steel and concrete individually. The design value of the homogenized cross-section elastic module and the stress redistribution coefficients are determined from the theory of the cooperating rings and are computed by program HOMO. The result of a study is a set of the stress redistribution coefficients and a dependency of stress redistribution coefficients on the reinforcement ratio of a steel-concrete section.