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Archiv článků od 14.6.2010 do 17.10.2011

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17.10.2011
Ing. Vladimír Zmrhal, Ph.D., Ing. Jiří Petlach

A common practice in the current housing construction is the use of percussive system of ventilation in which air supply is solved through the window gap. A common feature of such a method of ventilation is totally inadequate supply of ventilation air, which can lead to various undesired air suction holes (electrical outlets, riser, etc.).
Currently, when there are high demands on the airtightness of windows and doors, air intake system can not be solved by windows gaps for ventilation of buildings with a new or reconstructed windows. Ventilation infiltration may be allowed only in buildings where there is no possible replacement of original windows with new tight windows (historical buildings etc.).

22.8.2011
doc. Ing. Václav Kupilík, CSc.

Family houses belong among the simple structures that are usually built with a classical way. Although the technology of construction is not difficult, it is possible for gross neglect of basic technological practices and the protection of buildings during construction to cause such damage, which is difficult to repair, even for the increased financial costs. Evidence of this is an example of one family house for individual living in the suburb of Prague on the basis of expert opinion.

1.8.2011
Miloš Drdácký, Michal Kloiber, Jiří Frankl, Jan Bryscejn, Jan Tippner

The aim of the research was to determine the effect of chemical degradation of the surface layers of wooden structural elements to their mechanical properties and depth to which the damage extends. Degradation of the surface layer of wood structural elements caused a chemical reaction of some compounds contained in the fire in the past repeatedly coatings applied to wood structures of historical buildings. Such chemicals include ammonium sulphate and ammonium phosphate.

18.7.2011
Ing. Daniela Hroššová, DEKPROJEKT s.r.o.

Z1 Change of the standard ČSN 73 0580-1 Daylighting in buildings - Part 1: Basic Requierements was issued in January of this year. The standard itself is valid since June 2007. Z1 Change does not bring major changes, however, it specifies the text of some articles, especially the methodology of the assessment of shielding with regard to shielding by the constructions of the same building.

27.6.2011
Ing. Tomáš Kupsa, DEKPROJEKT s.r.o., člen TNK č. 43 Tepelná ochrana budov

In January I published an article about the upcoming revision of CSN 73 0540-2 Thermal protection of buildings, Part 2: Requirements. I expressed to changes in each individual chapter. Since then there is new development in the standard revision. Some comments by members of the Standardisation Committee No. 43 and by professionals from the April public consultation of the standard were implemented. Some chapters of the standard are nearly unchanged since January, but some have changed in fairly major way.

2.5.2011
Stanislav Karásek a kol.

Even though the use of skylight windows in passive houses is questionable, sometimes it can not be avoided. The increase in the number of energy efficient buildings has lead to an increase in the range of products aimed at this type of constructions. On our market there are several manufacturers that offer windows for passive buildings. Usually they are standard triple-glazed skylights supplemented by a so called thermal kit. If a manufacturer presents other parameters than just the value of the Ug coefficient of glazing, a lot of optimism will be needed for that to be believed. However, the underlying problems of the use of skylight windows in passive buildings will still remain.

18.4.2011
Ing. Jan Antonín, Ing. Marek Ženka

The higher insulations standards for windows used in the construction of passive houses usually result in lower energy permeability of the glazing. Whether it is more efficient the use of triple or double glazing will depend on the orientation and shading of the windows, and will also be related to the characteristics of the whole building and the way it is used, specially the size of the internal gains. A study conducted on groups of apartment buildings, using multiple simulations, evaluates the impact of the properties of the glazing and the resulting heating needs for various conditions of shading, insulation and size of the internal gains.

11.4.2011
Ing. Radka Sedmidubská, Technický a zkušební ústav stavební Praha

Today, if a standard windows and doors consider single-frame windows and doors from plastic and aluminum profiles and wood “Euro” profile, non-standard, in terms of representation on the Czech market, include lining windows, skylights, interior doors and door frames, and light tubes. A very special par is fire resistant windows and fire resistant interior and exterior doors with declared reaction to fire, which are not the topic of the paper.

4.4.2011
Radim Bařinka, Aleš Poruba

Coloured photovoltaic cells are occasionally used in architectural applications. Their wider utilisation is currently limited by the lower efficiency compared to cells with an optimal anti-reflective coating. Research is focused on desing and manufacturing of anti-reflective coating, which besides of required color will have minimised the reflection in the infrared.

7.3.2011
Ing. Jan Antonín, Ing. Jiří Beranovský , Ph.D., MBA, Ing. Petr Kotek, Ph.D., Ing. Lucie Šancová, Ing. Petr Vogel

The article describes some of the results of the research project R&D SP3g522107 – Full renovation of panel buildings in the low energy standard, which was carried out by EkoWATT with the support of the Ministry of the Environment in the years 2007-2010. One of the main instruments described is the parametric model, which allows the evaluation of a large sample of virtually generated building probabilistic methods, a case study of a renovation of a panel building to a passive standard using a grant with a 8 year investment return and also, an internet application that easily allows to add a panel building to a computer model and test the effects of the saving measures.

28.2.2011
Ing. Petr Morávek, CSc.

Low energy (LEB) and passive buildings (PB) are becoming standard for new constructions in EU countries. They aren't experiments anymore, but absolutely ordinary mass production of sophisticated residential buildings. Only in Germany, Austria and Switzerland there are already thousands of buildings that meet the passive standard and their number doubles every year. The cost of passive buildings is only 5-7 % higher than those of conventional ones, and yet, their consumption of energy and heating is up to 90 % lower! Part 3 about ventilation systems for normal buildinghs and EPD.

13.12.2010
Ing. Jiří Novák, Ph.D., Mgr. Stanislav Paleček

Among other things, the new version of the EPBD calls for more substantial improvements in the energy performance of buildings – gradual, until up to almost zero level by 2020. Such buildings are not likely to be feasible without high-efficiency ventilation systems, the proper functioning of which is conditional to an excellent airtightness of the building. Relevant experts from all over Europe understand that ensuring the conditions for the gradual improvement of airtightness in common building practices is a common challenge and task.

6.12.2010
Ing. Viktor Zwiener, Ph.D., DEKPROJEKT s.r.o.

At the moment, an amendment is being prepared for the ČSN 73 0540-2 standard. The proposed changes have still not been made public, so this article will not comment in detail about them. We will focus on this issue in future articles. We want to pay attention to chapter 7, which deals with the air permeability of the building's envelope and the tightness of joints, which seem to conform to the current revision of the standard, meaning that, unlike other chapters, these changes are merely cosmetic.

29.11.2010
Ing. Petr Bohuslávek, redakce

The directive 2010/31/EU on the Energy Performance of Buildings – called EPB, EPBD II or EPBD Recast – was passed last May. EU member countries are obliged to implement these new requirements into their national legislations. The implementation of 2010/31/EU was addressed by a number of seminars during the recent Aqua-therm 2010 trade fair. The following article presents you with the most important facts from the presentations and with links to information that was published before and during Aqua-Therm 2010.

8.11.2010
Ing. Pavel Šmíra, společnost Thermo Sanace s.r.o., Vědeckotechnický park profesora Lista, Brno

This method has been known in Germany since 1930. Since then it has through many changes and technological advances. The use of hot air units continued to be developed and, after 1950, heat oil started to be used as fuel, and it is still used to this day. However, the use of hot air to eradicate wood-destroying insects makes sense only when there is an active infestation. A straightforward evidence of active infestation are the occurrence of larvae or beetles when carving wooden profiles. Other evidences can also be crunching sounds, fresh sawdust or paths of lighter colour. However, even if none of this has been detected, it doesn't necessary mean that the wood isn't infested. It should also be noticed that falling sawdust can also occur even after a successful “thermo sanitation”.

16.8.2010
doc. Ing. arch. Hana Urbášková, Ph.D, FA VUT v Brně

I am very often asked what issues are still being addressed at the seminars on passive houses, because they have all been already resolved and these buildings are pretty common abroad. The truth is that in other countries the construction of low energy buildings started in the 1990's. However, their ecological, technical and energetic aspects are still evolving. The building structure itself is improving, as well as the insulation systems, heating, ventilation and new building materials and technologies are becoming more sophisticated. It has all gradually come to houses that consume almost no energy. Let's have a look at some of the aspects of the developments.

9.8.2010
Ing. Vladimír Galád

Sophisticated heating solutions lead to the fact that if at any given stage of the thermal insulation a TRV is properly fit and adjusted and, at the same time, a sophisticated substation solution is installed, one that will “know” how to prepare and maintain the required parameters, mainly during the heating season, then there will be nothing to renovate or solve during the lifespan of the heating station, other than adjusting the temperature and hydraulic parameters correctly.

5.7.2010
doc. Ing. Jan Kaňka, Ph.D., člen TNK 76 Osvětlení, ČKAIT Praha

The attenuation of sound wave with bends is mostly used in the design of noise walls, curtains and barriers along ways with intensive traffic (roads, rail and tram). Noise reduction from stationary sources with curtains is less common because it is always better to place the noisy device in the machine hall. This is then ventilated through a system with big enough dimensions so as to absorb sound, which then blocks the source of sound and the fan noise. Let's look at some specific installations seen in this context as well as calculations of the sound attenuation bend.

14.6.2010
Ing. arch. Miloš Solař, Národní památkový ústav

The problematic of energy savings should not be limited only to thermal insulation and occasional use of alternative energy sources. The energy used not only for heating, but also for ventilation and air conditioning. Significantly affect the consumption requirements, deciding which areas will be heated and at what temperatures. Energy is needed to produce construction materials, their transportation and eventual waste handling. The lifespan of the proposed construction and the complexity of its liquidation should be one of the essential criteria when deciding on contemplated modifications. It is necessary to consider buildings as architectural heritage.


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